Kulomhlaba wemigwebo ye-forged, iziswe zokulinganisa JWL (Japanese Light Alloy Wheel) ne-VIA (Vehicle Inspection Association) zihlala ziyinhloko yokulingana okutholwe eJapani. Okuqukethwe yiziswe zokulingana ngokuthi zihlinza ngokuthi imigwebo ithole amatheshi amakhulu ngokusebenza nokuphepha ngaphambi kokuthi kudlule emhlabeni. Imkakambiso ye-JWL iyakhathazeka ngokuthi yini na imigwebo ingasebenzisa, yini na iyakwenzela xa kuthathwa kakhulu xa kuhambisana, yini na kumele kube xa kuthiwa ngokungafani, kanye nokuba yiziphelo zokuphepha ngokwemindeni yokuhamba. Abasebenzisa iziswe zokuvela imigwebo engavuleki ngokushesha. Kuye ne-VIA, eyalungiswa ngo-1987. Le nde iphumelela ngokubonisa ngokuthi kudingeka abakhubeki besiko bahlolenge imigwebo ngendlela elilandelayo. Le nkqubo yokubonisa ngokuthi kumele kube yinto enqweni yobudlelwane nekhasimende waziwa ngokuthi izinto zihlukile njalo.
Imi standadha ebingxenye, JWL ne-VIA, yayimekela kanjani iiforji ezikhweyelweyo zibonakala ngokudla. I-JWL yathola uhlobo oluthile e-Japan, kodwa abasebenzisa kwezinye izizwe bengenisa yona ngisho nazo kuba imithwisto yabo yayinkimbinkimbi. Kuye ne-VIA, okuyilungu oluthuthukisa imi standadha ephumelelayo. Bayadinga ukuba kube nemibandela ngokulandelana nezimali nezimali zokulungiswa, okwakhiwa ngayo abasebenzisa iiforji ukuba bakhulule ngokulungileyo. Ngenkathi ezi standadha ziyandula ngeminyaka, ziyakhuthaza ukuthuthwa kweziforji ezikhweyelweyo ezifanayo emakethe ezahlukene. Manje xa abantu bethola i-JWL noma i-VIA yokubonza kufordi, abaningi baziqiniseka ngokuba yinto ethandwa neyokuthembekileyo.
Xa kuxa kuthengisa izinhlobo zemoto yasekhaya neyasekhanda, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela izimo zokuhlinzwa (JWL) nezimo zokuxhumana (VIA). Abasebenzisa izinhlobo ezingathuthelwa kufanele bathole lokhu. Izinhlobo ezingaphumelela kuleyo zimo azizokuhlinzwe kuphela kodwa futhi zisebenza ngokulungileyo xa kuthengwa yasekhanda. Kumaqo abathengi, ukuthola izimo zokuhlinzwa akuyona kuphela ukulayisha amabhokisi. Abathengi bakhona bazi ukuthi izinhlobo zinezimo zokuhlinzwa ngokuthi bazi ukuthi ziyayiphi ubungo lwezinhlobo ebaluleke kakhulu. Baningi abathengi angathenga izinhlobo eziningezimo zokuhlinzwa, ngakho ukulandela izimo zokuhlinzwa kuvula amadolobha angatholiwa.
Ukulandelana kubonisa kakhulu amakhasimende ukuthi abasebenzisa kahle ubunzima, okuncoma ukuthi lawa ligama leflezile kahle kuhlolwe kahle. Kunezimpendulo ezitholwe ngumqoka wokuphepha komoto abathola ukuthi amakhasimende bayaqaphela kakhulu amaphrodukti amanqina futhi bayaqeqesha ngempumelelo yazo. Iindlela zakhona zase zingxenye ya 20% lapho abantu bayaqala ukulandela lezi zinhlobo. Ukuthola lezi zinhlobo zokubonza (JWL noma VIA) akuyona kuphela ukulandela amadodla kudokumenti. Lezi zinhlobo zenza ubunzima obukhona yisikhathi eside bokuthi ubrande bethu bubekezelwe kakhulu futhi libe lokuqala lokuvelisa izinkundla ezintsha lapho abathengi bafuna ukubonza ukuthi le nto ingavamile ngaphambi kokuthenga.
Ukuhlola kweqile yokugeza yisisekelo ekubeni kuhlola indlela amagilide afakwe ngokulandelana nokungezelela kwezindlela zokuphuma. Ngokomqondo, ukulungisa kwenza usebenze kweqile yokugeza ukungenisa amagilide lapho kugezwa ngokukhuphuka ngokokhali. Kufanele amagilide ageze ukuthi ayiphansi noma ayithinte kulezi zixhobo ngokuthi zifana nezinto eziphumelela kuzindlela zokuphuma ezithile, ngakumbi lapho kugeza ngokukhali. Abasebenzisi abaningi bokuphumelela bezothi kubantu bonke abathanda ukuthi ukuphumelela kule nkqubo kusho ukuthi amagilide athola ukuthi kuzozala kakhulu ngaphandle kokuthi zingelwa. Amakhiyana wokubonisa izinhloso ezihlola kakhulu iziphumo zokugeza yeqile b4 kuvumela ukuthi amagilide aphawuliwe njengezinhloso eziphumelelayo kuzindlela zokuphuma ezikhangelene.
Izivivinyo zokugcina ukuphunzwa kwezinkawu zenza ngokwesibonelo ukuthi izinhwele eziyinkawu zingasebenzela kanjani uma kuzozokugcinwa isimo nezintsekelelo ngeminyaka engafewekanga noma ngeminyaka. Kulezi zivivinyo, abasebenzisa izinhwele ukubeka ubunzima obuphela kuzinhwele ukubona ukuthi kungasebenzela kanjani kulezi zinkinga ezingaphakathi zokuthi sibeke kuzindawo ezinekwehla noma ezibangelwa. Izinhwele ezingavumelanga le vithiwa kuzozokwakhiwa ngokuthi ziyisisekelo ephumelelayo yokuthi zilayele izindawo zokulayela nezintsekelelo kanti zingasebenziswe futhi ukuthi zingaphumelela kwezindlela ezinekwehla noma ezimfushane. Izivivinyo zombulula ukuthi izinhwele ezingavumelanga le vithiwa kuzozokungena ngokushesha, lokhu kuyindlela okuhlelwa ngayo abasebenzisi ukuthi kuyisiphi isimo sokuphepha kwezindlela. Kuye kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi le vithiwa ivumelwe ngokugcwele, kungakhathaliseki kuphela uma kudinga izinhwele eziyinkawu ezinhle futhi zingasebenziswe ngokudla ngemizuzwana engafewekanga.
Ukuhlola indlela amagliga ayohlola ukuphakama ngemigqa engapakathi kwezindhlangu ezingama-13 i-degree ikunciphisa ukuthi amagliga angakanani ukuphakama xa ekunene kuzo zindleko zomhlaba ongaziwa ngazo. Lokhu kuhlola kwenza isiqinise ukuthi amagliga ayohlola ukuphakama kumaqo amaningi njengekuphakama kweglonto noma ukugcwa kweglonto xa unqamulela isikremini. Xa abasebenzisa le magliga kuhloleni lezi zimo, bathanda ukuthi amagliga asingaphansi noma asingaphakathi ngokuphelele emva kokuthola konke le kumesha. Izinhlelo zaseMali zasebenza futhi le ndlela. Amagliga apho aphumelela kule kuhlola ukuphakama kungcono ekuneni kuzo zimo zokulayela ngempela. Abasebenzisi bakhuwa bethembekile ukuthi awuzokhuphela umkhonto wabo ngenxa yekuphakama okungaziwa ngalo emhlweni.
I-GVICHN iyahluka izimo nge teknoloji yokwehla engenakho okuqondileyo okuthi yenza izinkozi zokwehla zibe nezinkozi zokugcina nokusebenza okuphambene nezidingo zethu. Imithodi yokwehla engenhla yokwaziwa yikhampani iyazinikeza izinkozi zokugcina okudala kakhulu nasekupheleni kwegcobo okukhulu okwenza uhlu olukhulu kakhulu ekusebenzeni kovehikili nokunyolwa kwamali. Izinkozi ezilula kungcono ukusebenza nokunyuka ok быстрее ngeke kuthathe isimo sokugcinwa kakhulu. Lo msebenzi wokwehla uyabonakala kakhulu kwezindustria zovehikili. Abakhulu beze kuxolise isigaba se-GVICHN, kunezinkomba eziningi apho le zinkozi zokwehla ziyagcina amanye ngemigwa engqongqo. Kumaqanda, kumaqo amabeyond, iziphakamiso ziyabusa kuthi okuqukethwe kuyabusa kuthi: i-GVICHN inokwazi ukwenza izinkozi ezithola ukuphakama okukhulu kodwa kumele kuthathwe ngokulula.
GVICHN akusebenzisa ikhafunye yemoto ngokwengxenye xa yadlala amawhele aqinisiwe. Baye bengena kusebenzisa izinto eziphambene nezifiso okunikeza lezi whele izinto zokusebenza nokuphepha okungalingani nazo ngabantu abasebenzisa izinto ezingafani. Le zinto ezintsha zenza lezi whele zibe makhulu futhi zibe nezimalo futhi zikhumbule ukuthi izindaba zokulula kufanele zibe yinhloko yomnotho ongempela. Bheka lezi zinhlanganisela zokubhala amawhele - lezi whele zikhumbula ukuba zilula ngokwokuphela kakhulu kodwa ngeke zikhincane noma zihlanye noma ngemva kwezinyanga eziningi zokulawulwa ngokwezinhle. Abakhululekile emhlabeni wokwenza izindlela zizwa ukuthi lezi zinto ezintsha zingakwazi ukushintsha konke okuthiwa ngazo ngokokuphela kwezinhle. Ngekuphela kwezifundo ezisebenzela, GVICHN iyaphepha izindlela ezingachazwa ngazo kakhulu ngokokuthi yini okungenzeka ngezinto ezisemvelweni zezindlela, enza amastandela abanye baphepha ukuba bafinyele.
Ukuze ufumane imibono ehlukileyo ngokudubula kwe-GVICHN fanye nezibonelo zokwenza ngokudubula, ukulandela i-[full product range](#) kukunikeza ubudlelwane obuphezulu ngokudla abasebenzisa.
Ukwenza imi chacki yesithathu, njengaleyo kusuka eVIA, kube yinhloso yokuthutha isicathami esigcwele kanye nokubophelela kwezimali. Inkampani ye-vehicle inspection iyasebenza njengesigaba esiyimfakasi oye wasebenza ngemigomo eziphambene njengaleyo JWL kanye nezinye i-standards. Lapho kuzwakala le ndlela, abasebenzisa amathimelela ukuthatha amacala ngokwabo, ngakho sinjwa ukuthi le zicathami ziyathola imi chacki yezinhlobo zokuphepha. Imibhalo yeVIA iyashiyela ukuthi le zicathami ziyafaka konke okudingekayo kwezinhlobo zokuthi zibe yimali esemqondo. Abantu basebenzisa le ndlela bethi ukuthi kubekwe imi chacki yemfakasi ngokwabo iyabophelela ukuthi kuzwakale konke ngokwakhe. Ngenkathi, akukho muntu ofuna ukuthi izicathami ezingenakukhona zibe yimali yabo, right?
GVICHN ayikhathali kuphela ukwesekwa kwe-SAE laba weleqileyo kodwa babuye bezweni elikhulu ngokwenza into engcono kakhulu kuleli qophelo. Le ndawo ye-SAE J2530 iyahluka ngokukhutsheza imigwaqo yokusebenza nezimali zokuphepha kweba weleqileyo zokuguquliweyo. Ngokwesekwa kwezimo zokusebenza, GVICHN ibonisa ukuthanda kakhulu ukwenza amawhele aphakeme kakhulu nezifika ngemva kwabanye. Ikhono lapho babuyela ngokudla ngokudla ngokuba yindlela abangena ngayo. Abakheli banelise ukuthi izindleko zabo zifakwa kakhulu kumawhele angalindani. Imijolo yasekhanda ibonza ngokuhlinzekile ukuthi izinhlobo zase GVICHN zifaka phakathi ngokukhanya kuzindleko ezinhle. Le mawhele ayikhathali kuphela ukugcina, lokusho ukuphepha kakhulu kwezindleko eziphathwayo ngokushesha kuzindleko ezincane ezenzakaleni namuhla.
Imicwebo yokweyela ephakathi kanye ne-JWL noma i-VIA ikhona ukuphela okuningi kungaba yilapho umuntu uyasebenzisa kizinhloso zokulandela izindawo eziphansi noma ukubuyela emakhaya ngemva kwezinyanga. Lokho kusobala ukuthi abasebenzisi bakho baphumelela izinhloso zabo kumaphepha amaningi okulawulwa okuphansi kwezinhloso zokulawulwa okuphansi kakhulu, okwenza imicwebo ingase kungapheli kakhulu lapho uyasebenzisa. Isithombe esisha kwezinhloso zokulandela i-Japan Light Alloy Automotive Wheel Testing Council sabelokhu futhi. Izivivinyo zabo zokulandela izindlela zokulandela zibonisa ukuthi imicwebo yekhweyela iyasebenza ngokulungile kakhulu kungaba yilapho engaphansi kwezinhloso zokulandela, iyasebenza ngokulungile noma lapho iyasebenzisa ngokukhulu. Akukho onke amathanda ukuthi imicwebo yakhe iphumelela ngokugcwele, ngakho ke lapho uyasebenzisa ngokukhulu. Abakhankatha bokulandela basebenzisa futhi ukuthi izinhloso zokulandela ephakathi kanye ne-VIA certified wheels zinezinto ezingaphansi kakhulu zokulandela izinhloso zokulandela. Lokho kudinga ukuphila kakhulu kizinhloso zokulandela kizindawo zokulandela eziningi noma kizindawo zokulandela ezinhle lapho izivivinyo zokulandela zingase zibe yilapho zingaphansi kwezinhloso zokulandela.
Ukulayela imali kwiwhele eziqinisekisiweyo nguJWL/VIA kuyindlela yokufa ngokuba yizinto ephume ngokude ngaphandle koko eziqeshileyo. Iwhele ezinjengo zimelela ngokungafani nezizo zokuthi ziqinisekisiwe ngokuthi ziyajwayeleka kuzo zonke izivivinyo eziqinisekileyo ngaphambi kokuba zivakalelwe kumathketi, okungathi kuthinta ukuthi kudinga ukulungiswa ngokusheshayo. Izivivinyo zokulayela ngokomoya kuzo ziyinkimbinkimbi ngempela. Lezi zivivinyo zibonisa indlela ebonileyo izindlela zokugcina ukuphumelela xa kuthiwe kuzo ukuthi kuzodwa ngokuphindaphindayo kwezindlela zokulayela, futhi leyo kungukuthi kwehlela ukuthi izimo eziphazamisa zingaphansi kwezizo eziqinisekileyo. Abakheli babavela ukuthi bafake imali ezingama- hundreds noma thousands engaphandle kwezinyathelo zokulungisa futhi zokubuyisa ngemva kwezinyaka ezimbalwa. Kuye nobani othanda ukujabulela ukuthi akhombiswe ngokwengeza kwezimali futhi ukuphepha, ukuthola izindlela eziqinisekileyo kuyindlela encane nezona ekuqaleni futhi ekupeleni. Abakheli bemekhaniki baza kuthi kanje nakuba bavumelana nazo izinto eziphansi kwezindlela ezincane.