Imicwebo ye-carbon fiber inethana ngokude ngaphandle kwezinhlanhla zokudla noma izinhlanhla zomoya, futhi lokhu kubaluleka kakhulu ukuthi yini inani le-benzine esetshenziswayo. Cachnisa ngale ndlela: lapho kutheniwa kuyindlela, kudinga amandla ukuthi kutheniwe. Imicwebo embilili ineeda amandla angaphezulu ukuthi ayishe, ngakho-ke ivili ayidingi ukuthi ibhume noma ngikiphi inani le-benzine lapho kutheniwa. Kunezinye izifundo ezitholakalayo kumagazini wesimoto owabikwa lokhu. Okunye kwamagama kubonisa ukuthi abasebenzisi bakhiwa amahhovu nge-benzine ngokuthula, ngakho-ke emakhaya lapho kutheniwe kwezindleko kuyindlela esebenza ngokuphelele. Imoto iyasebenza ngokukhululeka ngezinhlanhla ezinkulu, ngakho-ke ukuthula kwenza ukuthi kuhlele kanye nezimali futhi kanye nekakhono yomoto yonke.
Ukuze ubone ngempela ukuthi izinhwebo zocarbon fiber zibalulekile kangakanani ekahle, kufanele sikhulume ngeyinto esiyithi unsprung weight okokuqala. Lokhu kungenzeka kubhekisa kuzo zonke izingxenye ezikhona kuzinhwebo - faka ngezinkawula, izinhwebo zebhremi, izinkampana zinhwebo noma yeyiphi engaphakathi kwenziwa ngokuthintwa yamaphupha wesuspension. Lapho abasebenzisa izinhwebo zocarbon fiber, bathintela leli webera kakhulu. Futhu lapho lokhu kusonakala, yithini? Isuspension isebenza ngempela ngokuvamile. Abasebenzi besithi izinhwebo ezingilindekile kubonakala ngokwengeziweyo kuhle kakhulu futhu kunezindlela ezingiyimpawu zokuhlela. Abakhulume nezindlela zokuxhumana nazo zazi lokhu futhu kakhulu lapho izinhwebo zingithintele webera. Le ndawo yonke ingithintele kakhulu futhu, lokhu kusho ukuthi izihlahla zingithinte amaphela futhu zingithinte inkokheli yezimoto eziphumelelayo.
Izinombolo ziyakhuluma uma kukhulunywa ngokuthi amasondo e-carbon fiber asebenza kangcono kangakanani uma kuziwa ekusebenziseni uphethiloli. Amaqembu ocwaningo lwezimoto athole ukuthi izimoto zingonga noma kuphi phakathi kuka-4% no-6% ekusetshenzisweni kukaphethiloli, nakuba lokhu kuhluka kancane kuye ngokuthi sikhuluma ngohlobo luni lwemoto nokuthi umuntu uyiqhuba kanjani ngempela usuku nosuku. Lezi zibalo zivela ekuhlolweni okuqhathaniswa namasondo ajwayelekile ensimbi nama-carbon awo ezindaweni zaselebhu. Kodwa ake sibhekane nakho, akekho oshayela ngendlela efanayo nalezo zivivinyo ezilawulwayo. Abantu abashesha edolobheni noma abahlala becindezela amabhuleki ngeke babone umehluko omkhulu njengalabo abagcina ijubane lizinzile. Noma kunjalo, ngisho noma kubhekwa zonke lezi zinto, akunakuphikwa ukuthi ukushintshela ku-carbon fiber kunomthelela obonakalayo ekuhambeni kwegesi, okuchaza ukuthi kungani abakhiqizi abaningi kangaka betshala imali eningi kulobu buchwepheshe njengamanje.
Imicwebo ye-carbon fiber iyahlula ubunzima ngokukhulu lapho kuh comparison na le-aluminum noma imicwebo ye-steel, okwenza uhlu olukhulu kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwemibhobho ngokuvamile. I-aluminum ngokwesiko wayisikhulu kakhulu nje noma steel, akukho mbono ngokujwayelekile, kodwa i-carbon fiber iyagcina into ngempela. Siyavuma nge-ubunzima obuhleliweyo okuphakathi kwezingu-ingu-50% noma kangaka okungaphansi kwebunzima be-aluminum kakhulu kwezinye izimo. Imicwebo embi yenza ukuba imibhobho iyasebenza ngokuvamile ngokuba kukhona okuncane kakhulu okuthi kuyaphindwa emakhasini. Lokhu kwenza ukuba kune-acceleration ngokushesha futhi kune-efishensi ye-fuel. Izindlela zombuso zibonisa ukuthi i-carbon fiber ayiyiyo kuphela engqonile kodwa iyasebenza ngokukhulu noma aluminum noma imicwebo ye-steel. Lokhu kwezifiso kwezinkawo nezibonelo ezingaphansi kwenza i-carbon fiber ngokwahlukene nezindlela zokukhetha kwezindlu zokuthutha futhi nezinye i-vehicles okuphathelene nazo ngokushesha kakhulu.
Amasondo e-carbon fiber alula kunezinye izindlela ezivamile, okwenza umehluko omkhulu lapho kuziwa endleleni amabhuleki abhekana ngayo nokushisa. Lapho amasondo enesisindo esincane, adinga amandla amancane ukuze aqhubeke ejikeleza, ngakho awakhiqizi ukushisa okuningi lapho othile ecindezela amabhuleki. Waba yini umphumela? Kungcono ukuyeka amandla ngoba amabhuleki awavumi ukubhekana nokushisa okwengeziwe. Ucwaningo olwenziwe abakhiqizi bezimoto lubonisa ukuthi le miklamo elula isebenza kahle nasekusebenzeni. Abashayeli baphawula ukuthi amabhuleki abo ahlala isikhathi eside phakathi kokushintshwa futhi awafiphala kangako lapho behla isikhathi eside noma lapho bebhema kanzima. Ukuze izimoto zizame ukulinganisela isivinini nobuhlobo nemvelo, ukunciphisa amazinga okushisa esistimu yamabhuleki kusho ukwethenjwa okungcono usuku nosuku kuyilapho zisaletha izici zokusebenza eziphakeme kakhulu ezifunwa abathandi.
Ukuhlanza kwezinhlayiya zokulayisha kuhle kubaluleka ukuba kuhamba ngemaphoyinti amaningi. Lapho izinhlayiya zilula ngokulinganiselwe, zidinga amandla amancane kuphela ukuba zihambise kusendle, lokhu kwenza isonke sisebenze ngendlela enhle futhi sivumele abasebenzisa ukuhamba kwezinhla ngaphambi kokuthi kudinga ukulayishwa kabusha. Izinhwele zokubhalela zokukhula kwekhoboni zenza uhlu oluningi lapha. Ngempela, ziyanele kakhulu kwezinhwele ezinhlanu zokukhula, ngakho ke zikhipha ukuba yini abasebenzisa amandla bayinga kuthiwa ngokungafani nezinye izinhwele, futhi zikhipha ukungqamane kokuqina. Isiphumo? Izinhlayiya zokulayisha kudinga ukusebenza ngokulinganiselwe lapho kuhamba noma lapho kuyekela, ukuvumela ukuba kube nezinkinga ezinhle futhi kube nezinkinga ezingcono. Abasebenzisi bezinhlayiya baya kuthi kubani odinga ukuthi ukuncipha okuncane kakhulu kwezimo kuhle kubaluleka kanjani ukuba kuhamba ngemaphoyinti amaningi, lokhu kwenza isonke sisebenze ngendlela enhle futhi sivumele abasebenzisa ukuhamba kwezinhla ngaphambi kokuthi kudinga ukulayishwa kabusha, lokhu kungenzeka ngoba amathengisi amaningi aya ekusebenziseni izinhwele zokubhalela zokukhula kwekhoboni njengesicelo sezinga lezinhlayiya zokulayisha ezenziwe ngendlela enhle.
Izinhwele zemotola zika-Carbon fiber ziyaxhunywa ngokwengeziwe, oku kusiza amakhari akhiyekileyo ukusebenzisa amabhethere yazo ngokulungileyo. Xa umoto uphakathi kwezimo ezingaphansi, akudingi amakhilo angakanani ukuxhuma, ngakho ke ibhethere iyaphila ngokude ngemva kokuchajwa. Lokhu kuthetha yini ngokwasebenza? Oku kungaphebhu kuholela kwezimali eziphakathi kanye nezinkinobho ezingcono xa uhamba. Thatha i-Tesla Model S njengombagiso babonile amaphimu amaningi emva kokuguqula ku- carbon fiber rims. I-Math iyasebenza ngokwemfusho - ngokungenaphansi kungaphebhu kwenza umsebenzi omnci kumotola, ngakho ke ipowela engeziwe iyagcwalwa ukuxhuma ngokwanele kungeke ukuthambisa amanhwele. Abasebenzisa ezinye izingo zokuthi kubekwe amaphesenti angama-15% ema-emkhawulweni ngalezi zinhwele ezinhle. Xa sibheka phambili, njengoba abasebenzisa amakhari ayayigcina ngokwengeziwe kwezitekere ezifulekayo, sizoqina ukuthi kunezinye izinto ezifana ne-carbon fiber oku kungaba nokunikeza amaphumo amaningi kanye nezimpawu zokulula kahle ngekunye nokungahlonipisi isebetho.
Imicwele yezibhobho ezingenani le carbon kuyindlela enquluka kakhulu ekwenzekeleni ukuthi kwenzeke isithuthukisi esanele kakhulu ngokuthi kuvumele abasebenzisi ukudala amafomu amancane okuhlanjwa kahle kunezindlela ezinhleli eziphumelelayo. Oku kuvunyelwa ngokuthi le zibhobho ezingenani le carbon ziyindle kanti ziyancinyiswe ngokwenge ukudala le mfomethu eliyanele, elingelona elibambe isihlangu ngokusheshayo njengoba lezinyo. Kumaqhuba amakhanda aphezulu kuka 65mph, lokhu kuyindlela enquluka kakhulu ngokuthi ngaphansi kwe drag kumele izinhlobo zihlame kancane kanti ziyahamba kahle. Imicabango yesithuthukisi seyizimoto ibonisa futhi ngokuthi le zinhlobo ezintsha zezibhobho ezingenani le carbon ziyindlela enhle kakhulu yokuthi kuhlanjwe amandla aphakathi kweyizimoto, oku yinto abasebenzisi besithuthukiso seyizimoto esebenza ngakho ngeminyaka engamaqedi. Ngaphandle kokuhamba kahle kweyizimoto emakhanda aphakathi, le zinhlobo eziphimile ziyindlela enhle kakhulu abasebenzisi basekuhlaleni ukuthi baphumelele kakhulu ngokuthi ziyindlela yokuthi kuhlanjwe amandla aphakathi kwezindawo ezide ezokuhamba kuzo aphakathi kumele kuhlanjwe amandla aphakathi.
Okwenza i-carbon fiber ikhetheke kakhulu yikhono layo lokwenza abakhiqizi benze amasondo amakhulu ngaphandle kokwengeza isisindo esengeziwe esibona ngensimbi noma i-aluminium. Amasondo amakhulu asho ukuphathwa kangcono emajikeni futhi abukeka emnandi kakhulu - into abathanda izimoto abayikhathalela ngempela uma kuziwa ezimotweni zezemidlalo nasezimodeleni zikanokusho. Njengoba i-carbon fiber ihlala ilula ngisho nalapho yenziwa ngobukhulu obukhulu, lawa masondo awanciphisi ukusheshisa noma ukusebenza kahle emajikeni. Ngokwesibonelo, cabanga ngemodeli yakamuva kaFord neChevrolet. Ama-sedan abo amasha asebenza kahle anezinsimbi ezinkulu ezenziwe nge-carbon fiber ezibukeka kahle kodwa zisaqhuba kahle. Abakhiqizi bezimoto sebeqala ukubona ukuthi ukufaka i-carbon enkulu akuseyona nje indaba yokubukeka, empeleni kusebenza kahle nangokwemishini, okuchaza ukuthi kungani sibona abakhiqizi abaningi besebenzisa le ndlela ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene zemikhiqizo yabo.
Ukuba ubheke indlela emibili ye-automotive ikhuluma ngeminyaka yokusebenzisa, i-carbon fiber iyahluka kakhulu kwematerial ezindala njenge-aluminum ne-steel. Le mibili inemkhwelo ephakeme kodwa zinhlawulela kude ngaphansi, okwenza amakhaleme abe yimali kabanzi futhi aqine karama. Izinhlayiya ezindala just don't last as long before showing signs of fatigue or damage. I-real money saver ikhona ekutheni kunciphise ukulungiswa futhi ngenxa yokuthi i-carbon fiber ayasingi noma ayaphansi njengesilinda emanzini noma kwezimali ezibonakalayo. Abasebenzi besikhwama baboza ukuthi babona amabila e-carbon fiber esikhatsini esinembile emanzini angama-miles, okungakho kakhulu koma bheke kwezindlela zokwenza izinhlayiya. Abadlali abaningi abasebenzisa le zinto babona ukuthi izinhlayiya zabo zikhombisa ukuthi ziyasebenza ngokushesha futhi zidinga ukulungiswa okuncane emuva kwezindlela.
Imicwele yecaliumi yekhabeteni iyabelana nezimali fokanye nezimpawu zokudla ngoba iyasebenza ngokude kunezinye izinhlayiya. Uma sibheka yonke into ethile kusukela kweyokwenza kuya kweyokulahla, le micwele iyakha izimpawu zokudla nezimali eziphakathi. Okunye okubaluleke kule meko kukhabeteni kuyincane kakhulu kunesilayi noma amaluminiyamu, okungenzeka ukuthi izinhovu zikhulule kancane kakhulu lapho ziyajikeleza kusukela kudzindini noma kumasepela. Lokhu kancane kokukhula kwezindleko kungena kwenza ukuthi kwenzeke ukuncipha kwemifumelelo, kwenza amadoni ahlanjiwe kubo bonke. Abasebenzisa izinhovu ezintsha zecaliumi yekhabeteni ziyabona ukuthi zilala zimali ngeminyaka engaphansi kwezindleko zokugcina futhi kuzozibonakala ukunciphisa okuphakathi kwezinye izindleko zokulungisa ngoba le micwele ayayilali kakhulu. Izinhlangano zokuhlinzeka zikunikeza lokhu, zibonisa amadiffrensi amathathu phakathi kwezinhlayiya zecaliumi zamasepela nezinhlayiya zemali ezintsha lapho kuhlinzeka ukunciphisa izindleko zokugcina ne-CO2.