Indlela Amawhili Asebhakheni Likabhothini Kuyagcwalisa Ukuhambela Nokuthula Kwizindleko Zemoto Egcinwa Ngempahla

Abaholi besayithi sobuchwepheshe bahlola kakhulu ukuthola izindlela zokuthuthukisa imodi yesithi sabo, kanti eyodwa yezinto ezibangela ubuhlobo obukhulu kukuvakashela izinda ze-alloy ngazo eziphuculiwe ngokusebenzisa i-carbon fiber. Lezi zinhlelo ezintsha zilandelayo zibonakala njengokuthuthukisa okukhulu emfanipheni wemoto, zinikeza ukupheliswa kwisimo ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa komlando wesithembu. Izinda ze-carbon fiber zamanje zilungise izinto ezihlukile kakhulu ekugcineni kwezimpondo, zivezela izinkinga eziningi kakhulu kuzindlela zokuhlola, ukubandakanya nokuguquguquka kwesithi ngokujwayelekile. Lo teknoloji emva kwalezi zinda ihlanganisa izimpondo ezinezimo ezihle kakhulu nezindlela zokwakha ukuze kwenzeke izinto ezifana nezomnotho onjalo kodwa ezihamba kangcono kunezinye izinto ngokunjalo njalo.

Umbhalo Wasekhondleni Nezinhlelo Zokwakha

Izimpondo Nezindlela Zokwakha

Izinyawo zezibhakha-lizimu zisebenzisa izimpendulo eziphucukileyo ezinzululwane zokudala okudinga ukuthi izixwayiso zezibhakha-lizimu ziqashelwe ngemigqa yethembu futhi zibandakanyiswe ngezikhumba eziphakeme. Inkathi yokudala iyathatha iqhaza eliningi lokufaka, lapho isihliziwo sesibhakha-lizimu sitholakala kanye kuzindlela ezithile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukumelana okuphepheni kuzindlela zonke. Lomgca oqashelwe wenza umbono onzima kangakanani kunaluminum ethintela ukumelana okuphepheni nokungabi nalo ububi. Isikhumba esibandakanya izibhakha-lizimu sishunquka kanye kuphuhliso oluphephene kakhulu kanye nezimo eziphakeme, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umbiloko wokudala ungcono kakhulu futhi ususe amaphuzu angcono apho kungaba khona emva kokudala.

Izindlela zokwakha zamanje ziphatha izinhlelo zokuphuhlisa okuphulwayo ezidala amawhele ngezilinganiso eziyindilinga kanye nehhandlula yomthelela ohlukene. Inkohlako yokwakha engcono ikuvumela abayenzayo ukulungiselela uhlelo lwewhele ngokweziphawu ezithile zokusebenza, kungakhathalwa isakhiwo sesivivino, profayela yesitimba, kanye nokulinganisa kwebhobhu. Izindlela zokuphatha ubunzima kuwo wonke umsebenzi kuhlanjulula ukuthi wonke ihhele liqhathanise nemizamo emahasha ngokwezimali, ukuhlukaniswa kwesilinganiso, kanye nobunzima bokugcwalisa wesandla. Izihlonde zamaziso ethulwini ekuboniseni ukusebenza kwegolide kuzinkinga eziphambene, kungakhathalwa ukuziphatha, ukufaka kwamandla, kanye nokubona kokushisa.

Okuningi kokubona okubanzi

Ukukhulu kwezinkinga ye-carbon fiber wheels ukusuka kumthwalo kuyisiphawulo esingcono sezingqalobhakathi ze-carbon fiber, ezivela kuzinto ezinezinkinga eziphezulu kunazo zika-steel kodwa zinezilingo ezilodwa kwamathupha. Leli qiniso libalulekile linika i-wheels inokwenzeka ukulindela izimo nezinkinga njengazo zezinye izinkampani ngaphandle kokuthinta kakhulu. Ukuchaza kwezinkinga ze-carbon fiber kuvumela abasebenzi ukufaka izinto zokukhupha lapho kudingeka ngokucacile, ukuze kube yimali enempahla ngaphandle kokunakekelwa kwemali engafuneki.

Ukuchazwa okulinganisa kubonisa ukuthi izinda ezinezulu eziphambene kakhulu zizinda ngaphansi kuka-40-60% kunazo ezifanayo ezengcobeni, nasekuqashini okunconywayo kufakazela ukunciphisa ubunzima kabanzi. Lolu hlelo kunezilingo kakhulu emikhathini enkulu, lapho ubunzima obahlukene phakathi kwezulu nezindawo ezibalulekile zingaba yisikhathi-15-20 ngasinye isinda. Isiphumo esihlanganisiwe sekunciphiswano kubunzima sibe yinkinga engaphezu kokunciphisa kuphela, ngoba ukunciphisa kwegama eliqhubekayo kuthinta izinto eziningi zokusebenza kwesithuthi kanye nokuphendula kwesivimba, ukushisa kwehamu, nokusebenza kwesistimu yesuspension.

Izimali Zokunciphisa Ubunzima Kusebenza Kwesithuthi

Isimo Sokungahlikiwe Ukuthinta Izinhlelo ZeSuspension

Ukunciphisa ubunzima bezinto ezingavakalali ngokusebenzisa izinda ze-carbon fiber zinika izibopho ezinkulu kumsebenzi wendawo yekhanda kanye nendawo yesithuthi esibalweni. Ubunzima obuvakalali buthatha inqanawa, ityhubhu, iziphayi, nezizinda zekhanda. Xa kube khona ukuncipha kwale nto, indawo yekhanda ingasebenze ngokushesha kakhulu kuzinkinga zomhlaba, ibeke ityhubhu ngempela kumgwa, kanti ikhuthaze ngokuhamba kuzindlela zonke. Ukuncipha kwento kungasiza izpringi namadhamperi ukulawula ushintshano lwetyhubhu ngokuhle, okukhomba kubomi obuhle bokuhamba kanye nokuphepha kahle.

Ukuncipha kwegunyana ezingavimbi phezu kwalokho kunciphisa amandla angadingeka ukuhanjiswa nokulahleka kwegunyana ephindaphindayo, kube lula ukuthi amandla e-engine ahamuke emuva ngaphandle kokuphinda iguni elikhulu. Lokhu kunciphisa kubonakala kakhulu ngenkathi kususwa kanye nezinsuku zokuhlukunyezela apho izinguquko ezisemgceni zidinga impendulo ephumelelayo kakhulu kusistimu yokuhlukanisa. Amathimi wosizo lwesizwe othile wayehlukanisa lezi ziphumo, bekwenza izincolo ze-carbon fiber zibe yisimo esisezandleni kuze kube khona izinhlelo zomdlalo wezimali apho konke okungcono kudingeka kusizo olusemthethweni.

Ukususwa Kanye Nezinsuku Zokuhlukunyezela

Ukuncipha kwe-mass ephindaphindwa ekufunyanwa ngamawhili atholakala ngecarbon fiber ayenza ukuthuthana okubalwayo kusikweletshwa kuzintandokazi zonke. I-physics iyavuma ukuthi ukunciphisa inthuba yephindaphindo kudinga amandla angaphansi ukuze uwenze uhlelo lwesivinini, ngendlela efana nokwandisa amandla esikhathini sokuthutha kwesithuthi. Lokhu kumelela kakhulu kusikweletshwa kuqala kusimama futhi kusikhathi sezinkinga apho injini kumele iphulule ukungena kwezivinini. Ukuhlaziywa kwezempilo kubonisa ukuthi izithuthi ezinamawhili atholakala ngecarbon fiber zingasebenza 0-60 mph ngexesha elisheshayo kunazo zonke ezifanayo ngezinye izihlangothi.

Iziphumo zokumisa ukumisa kusindiswa ngaphandle kwezinkinga yokukhula kwegandla, ngoba izimo ezihlanzekileyo ze carbon fiber zikusiza ekuvusekeni i-brake system. Ukunciphisa okuncane kwe-thermal conductivity ye carbon fiber kusiza ekugcineni amakompophoni yesibhedele esilungele indawo yezindlebe, ekugciniseni isimo esifanayo sekumisa ngezinsuku eziningi zokuthatha igalelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunciphisa okuncane kwegandla kudinga ukumisa okuncane ukuze kufinyelele iqembu elilinganiselwe le deceleration, ekunciphisweni kwegandla ephakeme kwi brake pads, rotors, nezinhlekeleli zohydraulic systems, ngelikuphila kakhulu kwezidingo nokulingana kwesimo sokumisa.

Ukuthuthuka Okuhle Kwemithetho Nezinhlekeleli Zehlayezo

Ukusabela Okuhle Kwe-Steering Nokucopheleka

Ukusebenzisa amathayi e-carbon fiber kushintsha izici zokulawula ngokuthulasela amandla okugqagqa okungakhathalanga ukuguquka kwezindlela ngenkonyana kanye nokulawula. Ukuncipha kokuphazanyiswa kwe-rotational kuvumela izinyawo ukuguqula kancane, ekubonakalisa imiyalo yomkululi ngqo kusidlalo sezimoto ngaphandle kokudala okutholakala kuzinyawo ezinkulu. Oku kushintsho lokulawula kwenza ukuthi umkululi abe nemibono engaphezu kwesimo sokuhlala, lapho isithuthi sifuna ngqo imiyalo yokulawula, kuyakhipha ububele kanye nokwaziwa kakhulu yomkululi emasibusweni aphikisayo.

Ukukhazimula kwezinhlayiya zokwenza izinhlayiya ze-carbon fiber zihlengene ekunikezeni ubumnandi bokulawula ngokucindezela ukuthunjwa kwesikhathini xa kusabalala ngaphandle komphakathi. Ngaphandle kwezinhlayiya ezithile ze-aluminum ezingavutha kancane phansi komthetho omkhulu wokubamba, izinhlayiya ze-carbon fiber ezidakelwe ngendlela efanelekile zilondoloza isimo nasigaba sakhe, zihlinzela ukuthi indawo yokuxhumana ne-tire ibe yidinga futhi ubizo obuvamekile be-tire. Lokhu kukhazimula kuguqula ku-bumnandi obuncane kakhulu bomlilo wokulawula nokunciphisa okungcono kumhlobo wokulawula, kulungiselela abasebenzisi ukwazi ukwazisa izinkinga zokugcina kwe-tire nokstabilisayo kwesithuthi xa kusabela ngokusheshayo.

Ukstabilisayo Kokuqhuma Nezibopho

Ukuthuthukisa kwe-stabiliti yokuqeda ikona kuyindima ebalulekile kakhulu yokusebenzisa iingcinga ze-carbon fiber, ngokuba ubunzima obuncinci kwizinto ezingaphandle kwegolide kuvumela inkinga yokuphakama ukuba ihlinze ubude bokugcina okuhle kwegolide ngesandla sendawo embindini xa kuchazwa ngokulula. Ukuphila kwe-suspension okufanayo kukusungula ukuthintana kwegolide nokugcina ukugcinwa komthetho wodaka we-grip ngokujikeleza, ukunciphisa umdla wokuphazanyiswa kokuthinta ngexesha likuqeda ikona ngokomgwa. Oku kukhangeleka kakhulu kumndalo ongenamnqophiso apho iingcinga ezibomvu zikaCarbon zingathanda ukugcina ubudlelwane bokulingana.

Ukukhula kweziciqina zokugcina kuyaphakama emaqondana amaningi ekuhamba, akudingeki izimo ezimbi njengoko kuziphelapheli lapho kubalulekile kakhulu ukugcina iqiniso le-tire ngokulunga kwezimali nezenzo. Izinyawo ze-carbon fiber zisiza isikhwama sokunxuswa ukuthi sifakelane ngokushesha kakhulu ngezimo ezihluka kwezindawo, zibambelela iqiniso le-tire ne-inthanethi yeqiniso ngisho xa zifuna amanzi, izinkohlakalo, noma izigaba ezahlukene. Abahambi basebenzini bahlala bathumelela ukuthuthukisa kwebuciko xa bahlala behambela ngamathuba okuphela nezinyawo ze-carbon fiber, bakhumbula ukutholakala okulungile kakhulu nokutholakala okujwayelekile kakhulu xa kufinyelela amathuba okugcina okuphelele.

Ubunzima Nezidingo Zokusebenza Ngokudla Kude

Ukukhathaza Kwezizinda Nenkinga Yomthelela

Amawhili amanzi anqobile afakelwe ngokungahle kakhulu kakhulu okungcono kunezimali ezinhle zezimali, nakuba zenziwe ngendlela ethandekile. Isakhiwo sefayibha esihlanganisa sithatha izivikelelo kusihlukana esikhulu, sokuthula ukugcina okungaba yindlela yokuthulwa noma ukuphazanyiswa kwesimo sezimali. Ukwenza kahle kwezimali ezinzima kufaka phakathi iminyaka eminingi enegunya ehlukene, ekhiqiza isakhiwo sokuthatha futhi sithule izivikelelo ngokushesha ngaphandle kokuchitha isimo sakho ngemiphumela yendlela yokuhlala.

Ukuhlaziywa kude kubonisa ukuthi izikithi ezinezulu eziphambili zingasebenzi ngokuphelele kakhulu ngaphandle kokuthinta izinkinga ezihlukene nezinkinga ezivame kakhulu kuzikithi zemithi, njengoba izinto ezinhlengele zizikithi zezinkane. Ithekwane le-composite isebenza ngokungahlelekwa nokungagcinwa kwamathambo okuhlanjelwa, okungaba khona kuzikithi zezinkane ngexesha elide, ikakhulu ematheleni amaningi afana nothwala lwedondolo, izixhobo, noma ukuhluka kwezinkcanto ezikhulu. Kodwa, ukulungiswa nokulawula kumele kube yinto ebalulekileyo ekunikelweni izikithi zezulu inqanawa yobuso bempilo, kufuneka kube yindlela yokuhlola ngokuphindaphindiwe izinkinga futhi ukulandela iimvume zomphathi wokwenza ukuba zilayishisiwe nezibalanseke ngendlela efanelekileyo.

Izidingo Zokulungiswa Nezimvo Zokulawula

Ukugcina izinda ze-carbon fiber kudinga ukuzijabulisa ekuceleni kwezindlela zokucula nokugcina okwahlukile kwezenzo zokugcina izinda eziphathelene. Okuqukethwe kukhanya ngendlela efanelekile yezicelo esihlakaniphile kanye nezibambi ezimbi zokuthintela isiphumo noma ukohlwa kwezixwebhu zokuphepha. Kumeke kubeke kakhulu izicelo ezinde, izicelo zokucula eziphazanyayo, kunye nezindlela zokucula ngosiko ophezulu njengoko zingakhubaza ubumfumba besandla noma zingafika kumatrix we-carbon fiber ngemini engachaphazeka.

Imithetho yombuzo engcono kufuneka ibe yindlela yokubuka isandla sengcwele ngokubheka izinkinga zokugcina, ukuphulwa kwegumbi, noma ukugayaza kwematrikhi okungaholela ekuthinteni kwebuso. Iziniko zokufaka nokulungisa eziphileneyo ngokwakho kwezinhlelo zengcwele zenza ukuthi iziniko zingcolise ngendlela efanelekileyo ukuze zilindele ubuso nezobuchwepheshe. Ukugcinwa kwenziwa kubaluleke kumakhari evame ukusebenzisa ngeminyaka, njengoko ingcwele yenhlangothi kufuneka kugcinwe kwezinkinga zokushisa okuphezulu nokubonwa kuka-UV okungaholela ekuguqukeni imatrikhi yesilingi emva kweganga elide.

Ukulinganisa Iindleko-Ngempumelelo kumasebenzi Ophethe

Ubuhle besikhashana kumadlayisha Amathembekile

Ukuthengelelwa kwezimali kumaghuba e-carbon fiber kuyisibonelo esikhulu sokukhokha okufanele kuhlazulwe ngokulinganisa nokuthulelwa kwemiphakethi nezimali ezidlule ngokuba kungcono kakhulu kuzo zonke izimo. Abasebenzisi abathandayo ukuthula kakhulu bathola ukuthi ukuncipha kwegogo, ukuhlanjelwa kahle, nokwazekeza kakhulu kubangela ukuthi kukhokele kancane kunamaghuba aphantsi e-aluminum. Izimprove zokusebenza ziyakwaziwa kakhulu yizidingo zabo abasebenzisi abaphatha imigwaqo, amagama e-autocross, noma abadlale ngendlela ethembekile apho izinkokhelo ezinconywayo zihlaza ngaphezu kwezilingo zezikhathi zomdlalo nabusuku bokudlala.

Izidingo zokuthengisa kabusha zihlukaniswa futhi kulinganiso yezindleko-ngekephakade, ngoba izinda ze carbon fiber ziqinisekile kangaka ekugcineni ubungako kunazo ezinye izinda eziyisisekelo ngenxa yobuqhubekayo bezimo nezimanga. Isivumelwano sendalo sithanda kubazalwana bezindlela zokuhlala abathandabuzwa teknoloji eya phambi nokubona umehluko wezinto ezenziwa ngokwe-carbon fiber. Kodwa, ukuphakanywa kwizindleko kunanzuzi kumaawudi aluminum angakwazi ukuchazwa kubadlali abasemgceni abasebenzisa ngokuphelele izinhlobo zabo zezimali ngendlela ethu kodwa abangasebenzisi amapheshele amnandi enzima azenziwa ngokwe-carbon fiber.

Ukusabalalisa Kwemfundo Yokuqeda

Ukubala okungcono kwezimali evela kwezixhobo zezibhamu zekhabhoni kufuneka kube yindlela yokulinganisa izilingo ezahlukeneyo, i-figures yesizathu, nokulinganiso olunjalo lwexabiso lokuphumula ngaphakathi kwemali yokuthutha. Izivivino ezinezimiso neziphumo zabadlali basebenzayo zibonisa ngokuvamile ukuthutha okungcono okunciphisa imali engcwele. Umehluko wokuncipha kumoni, ukuphatha okuhle, nokuthutha okuphucayi kwenza isiphazamiso esingaphezu kwezinye iziphazamiso.

Izinkinga zokusebenza ziye zakhwe ngaphezu kwemithombo ephezulu lapho izikhathi zasendleleni nezinhlekelemanje ezivelelayo zisebenzisa kakhulu izinyathelo ezenziwa ngamawheli akhona-fayibha. Izindlela, izindlela eziningi, nezinhlekelelo eziyisiseko zibonakala ngokuvamile ukuthola isiphumo esikhulu kusabela kwamawheli akhona-fayibha, ngoba izikhathi zazo ezihle zikwazi ukuthatha isiphumo esigcwele sokuphazanyiswa kwegovu engaphandle kwesilungelelaniso nokuzobeka okuhle. Uhlengo lwethuliwa kufanele lubone ubude bezigaba zokusebenza, ngoba amawheli akhona-fayibha aqinisekisa izinto zokusebenza kubo wonke umculo wabo wasebenzini ngaphandle kokweba okujwayelekayo okungaholela emawhelini amaningi endlela yezilanga.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Ikhona kangakanani igovu amawheli akhona-fayibha kulinganisa namawheli amaningi?

Izinyawo zezibhakha-lilanga zasimahla zabelana nokunciphisa ubunzima kabusha kuma-40-60% kunazo ezifanayo ezengu-aluminum, okubalulekile ukunciphisa ubunzima kuyintambo yobude bezinyawo, uhlelo lwesakhelo, neindlela yokuqhubeka. Kuye yizinyawo eziphathelene nge-19-inch, lokhu kuthembisa ekunciphiseni ubunzima kuma-8-15 iphauna ngayinye, okusinika ukunciphisa kwesipheqululo sobunzima kuma-32-60 iphauna kuyo yonke indawo. Isimo sokungcolisa kunezinyawo ezikhulu sibe libalulekile kakhulu, lapho isilinganiso sobunzima singaphezulu kuma-20 iphauna ngayinye kwezimo eziphikisanayo.

Zihambelana kanjani izinyawo zezibhakha-lilanga nezimo zokuphatha ngcono?

Amawhili atholakala ngokuphelele aqobo kakhulu angenzwa ukuthola izimo ezifanelekileyo zokusebenzisa yonke indaba kanye namathirisithi, amadoda, namathelezi amancane. Izindlela zokwakha ezintsha zikhiqa amawhili atholakala ngokuphelele aphumelela noma azange phambi kwemithombo yokulungiselela kumathengiso ethimba futhi akunike isiphumo esihle sokuphula kancane nokulandela kahle. Kodwa-ke, amawhili atholakala ngokuphelele angaba maphakade njalo kakhulu ekutholeni isifo ngokugcwele okuthi: amaputhule, amagqabi nemikhawulo, kunamawhili osele, ngakho ke lokhu kusabela kakhulu kuyadingeka ukuzoba kakhulu.

Kutheni ukulungiselela okudingayo kumawhili atholakala ngokuphelele

Izinyawo zezibhakha eziqhudeni kudinga ukucwashwa okunjalo ngemithi yethayela futhi nezinkathazo ezinzima ukuze kugcinwe ubomi bokubona nokuthembekile kwegunya. Kumele kubekeke amakhemikhali athintangalala, izicwasheli ezinehlwempu, kanye nesicwasho esingcono ngoba singathinta isimo sesayizi noma sithintele igunya le-carbon fiber matrix. Ukulandelela okuphambili kwizikhashana, ukudlwengulwa, noma ukulungiswa kwezimpact kusiza ekugcineni imisebenzi engcono, futhi kuyavunyelwe ukusebenzisa izinsiza zomprofesi zazifundile ngokwenza kwezinyawo ze-composite kumasebenzi wokushintsha ne-tire balancing.

Ukuthi izinyawo zezibhakha eziqhudeni ziyenzela kanjani ubomi bezondla ikhanda lesikhathi kulinganisela nezinyawo ezenziwa ngendlela ethile

Izinyawo zezibhakala zikhaboni ngokuvamile ziphucula ubumfihlo bomoya ngokuthi kunciphise ubunzima bezinto ezingaphandle kwezinqamuzana ezingavukeli, okwenzela izinqamuzana zomoya zifinyelele kakhulu kuzinkinga zezondlo. Ubuncane bezinhlangothi zezinyawo kwenza izinqamuzana nezivivinyo ziqhubeka ngokuphephile kuzindlela zezinyawo, okusiva kwizixhumanisi ezinzima zezondlo nekuthintana okunciphile kwezondlo kugumbi lwesithuthi. Kodwa, kunezinyawo ezimbili zezibhakala zikhaboni ngezenzo eziphilayo noma izinkomba eziphazanyayo ezingananto kakhulu kunezinyawo eziphambene, kungase kuthintane kabanzi kanye nokushisa kwezondlo.