Izicertifikheti ziphi (JWL, VIA, TÜV) zizokuvumela ubukhulu be-wheel ephakanyisiwe?

Kodwa ukufunda amakhonkothi okugcina ubukhulu bakho xa uqala ukuthenga izihlangu zokufaka kwehlabathi, ukuziqonda amakhonkothi okugcina ubukhulu bakho kuyisisekelo sokhuseleko, ukusebenza kanye nokuphila kude kuyisisekelo esibalulekile. I- amawhele alwe industriya iyasebenza ngemithombo yezizwe zonke eziningi, ngezicertifikethi zokugcina njenge-JWL, VIA, ne-TÜV esebenzisa njengezindlela zokuphakamisa okubalulekile ekuthi isikhumba sesihlangu sisebenza kahle, isivinini sokuloada, nokuzimisa kwezinhlangano. Lezi zicertifikethi zesihlangu esisikhombisa kungafana noma kuphela izimboni zokufaneleka—kuyizinhlangano zokuphakamisa ubuhle okuphelele ekuphakamiseni isihlangu ngokuphakama kokusebenza kwesikhumbu, ukuchaza kwezinhlangano, nokusebenza kwezinhlangano zokuphakama kwezinhlangano. Kumaqhubi wezinhlangano, abaqhubi bamasipala, nababuyisi bezinhlangano, ukubona lezi zimboni zocertifikethi kusiza ukuthi isihlangu sifanele kwezinhlangano zokuphakama kwezinhlangano futhi akasibone isihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu esihlangu es......

Umbuzo wokuthi izisifundo ziziphi zokuthi ziyabonisa ubukhulu bezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kubuyela phambili kusukela ekufundiseni amagama amanqaku—kufuneka uqonde ukuthi umcimbi wokufunda wenza ngani, ukuthi izindlela zokuhlola zihlukana kanjani, nokuthi abahleli bafuna izisifundo eziningi ngokwesibini. Isisifundo se-JWL sisebenza kumaqondo wezinyangahla zaseJaphane futhi sibhekisele kuukhuluma kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka kwezinkamba zokufaka......

Ukuqonda i-Standard ye-JWL Yokuhlanzwa kwezinkolo zokufaka

Isibonelo Sekhaya Lomsebenzi Wezinhlanzi Ze-JWL

I-JWL, okusho ukuthi i-Japan Light Alloy Wheel, iyisibonelo esihluke kakhulu sokuhlanzwa kwezinkolo zokufaka kumkhiyuzi wemoto yasezweni. Yavunyelwe yi-Ministry yeLand, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism yaJapan, i-JWL ihlanza izinkolo ngokusebenzisa isimo sokuhlanzwa esijulile sokubona imiphumela yezinsuku zokuphatha emaphakathi amaningi kusukela ekhaya lokuhlanzwa. Umsebenzi wehlanzwa uyadinga ukuthi abahlinzi bafakwe izinkolo ezifanayo ezihlanzwa ngokusebenzisa ukubuka kwesikhala sokubuka kwezinkolo, lapho inkolo ifakwe kwi-spindle futhi ibhekiswe kuzo izinkampani zokubuka kwezinkolo ezihlukahlukene ezibonisa izindawo zokuphatha kwezinkolo noma kuzo zokuphatha kwezinkolo. Lokhu kubuka kwezinkolo kubeka umomentu othembekile kuzo zinkolo ngalokho kuyabuka kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela kuzo zinkolo kusukela k......

Izinqambu zokuphatha ukuphatha kwe-radial zokuphatha kwe-JWL zihlukanisa amaphakathi amathathu okuphatha kwe-vertical okuhlanganisa isikhundla sokuphatha kwesithuthi esiphakathi kwe-vehicle esiphakathi kwe-wheel ngokusebenza. I-drum ephambili iyaphakatha izinqambu zokuphatha kwe-wheel ngamazikhathi athile, ekubonisa ukuthi i-wheel inekhanda yokugcina ubukhulu bakhe ngokuphatha kwe-compression ne-release ngokuphatha kwe-compression ngokuphatha kwe-release. Ukuze i-wheel yamathathu okuphatha kwe-forged ibe nesikhundla sokuphatha kwe-JWL, i-wheel kufanele ibe nesikhundla sokuphatha kwe-JWL, kufanele ibe nesikhundla sokuphatha kwe-JWL, kufanele ibe nesikhundla sokuphatha kwe-JWL, kufanele ibe nesikhundla sokuphatha kwe-JWL, kufanele ibe nesikhundla sokuphatha kwe-JWL, kufanele ibe nesikhundla sokuphatha kwe-JWL, kufanele ibe nesikhundla sokuphatha kwe-JWL, kufanele ibe nesikhundla sokuphatha kwe-JWL, kufanele ibe nesikhundla sokuphatha kwe-JWL, kufanele ibe nesikhundla sokuphatha kwe-JWL, kufanele ibe nesikhundla sokuphatha kwe-JWL, kufanele ibe nesikhundla sokuphatha kwe-JWL, kufanele ibe nesikhundla sokuphatha kwe-JWL, kufanele ibe nesikhundla sokuphatha kwe-JWL, kufanele ibe nesikhundla sokuphatha kwe-JWL, kufanele ibe nesikhundla sokuphatha kwe-JWL, kufanele ibe nesikhundla sokuphatha kwe-JWL, kufanele ibe nesikhundla sokuphatha kwe-JWL, kufanele ibe nesikhundla sokuphatha kwe-JWL, kufanele ibe nesikhundla sokuphatha kwe-JWL, kufanele ibe nesikhundla sokuphatha kwe-JWL, kufanele ibe nesikhundla sokuphatha kwe-JWL, kufanele ibe nesikhundla sokuphatha kwe-JWL, kufanele ibe nesikhundla sokuphatha kwe-JWL, kufanele ibe nesikhundla sokuphatha kwe-JWL, kufanele......

Kungani Ukuphatha kwe-JWL Kufanele Kube Nokuthi Kuyasebenza Ngokuphelele

Ngaphezu kwezinye zokuphatha kwezinhloso zokuphatha, ukuphatha kwe-JWL kusiza kubona izinkomba zokusebenza kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha kwezifundo zokuphatha k...... amaphakathi amathathu okuphatha kwe-forged okuthi kubonisa izinkinga zokusebenza ngokuphelele. Imiphumela yokuzivikela ephendulwe ngokufanayo nezindlela zokuphatha kwisikhathi sokuphatha isithuthi, apho ubukhulu bezinkambo zokuphatha kuyisisekelo—ukuphatha ngokushesha kwezindawo eziningi, ukuphatha okungakwaziwa ngokushesha, nokuphatha kwezindawo ezizimele. Amasithuthi okuphatha okuphumelelayo okuphumelelayo kwezimpendulo ze-JWL abonisa ukuthi indlela yokwenza yabo ibonisa ukuthi ubukhulu bezinkambo zokuphatha kuyisisekelo—ukuphatha ngokushesha kwezindawo eziningi, ukuphatha okungakwaziwa ngokushesha, nokuphatha kwezindawo ezizimele. Indlela yokuphatha okuphumelelayo kwezimpendulo ze-JWL abonisa ukuthi indlela yokwenza yabo ibonisa ukuthi ubukhulu bezinkambo zokuphatha kuyisisekelo—ukuphatha ngokushesha kwezindawo eziningi, ukuphatha okungakwaziwa ngokushesha, nokuphatha kwezindawo ezizimele. Indlela yokuphatha okuphumelelayo kwezimpendulo ze-JWL abonisa ukuthi indlela yokwenza yabo ibonisa ukuthi ubukhulu bezinkambo zokuphatha kuyisisekelo—ukuphatha ngokushesha kwezindawo eziningi, ukuphatha okungakwaziwa ngokushesha, nokuphatha kwezindawo ezizimele. Indlela yokuphatha okuphumelelayo kwezimpendulo ze-JWL abonisa ukuthi indlela yokwenza yabo ibonisa ukuthi ubukhulu bezinkambo zokuphatha kuyisisekelo—ukuphatha ngokushesha kwezindawo eziningi, ukuphatha okungakwaziwa ngokushesha, nokuphatha kwezindawo ezizimele. Indlela yokuphatha okuphumelelayo kwezimpendulo ze-JWL abonisa ukuthi indlela yokwenza yabo ibonisa ukuthi ubukhulu bezinkambo zokuphatha kuyisisekelo—ukuphatha ngokushesha kwezindawo eziningi, ukuphatha okungakwaziwa ngokushesha, nokuphatha kwezindawo ezizimele. Indlela yokuphatha okuphumelelayo kwezimpendulo ze-JWL abonisa ukuthi indlela yokwenza yabo ibonisa ukuthi ubukhulu bezinkambo zokuphatha kuyisisekelo—ukuphatha ngokushesha kwezindawo eziningi, ukuphatha okungakwaziwa ngokushesha, nokuphatha kwezindawo ezizimele. Indlela yokuphatha okuphumelelayo kwezimpendulo ze-JWL abonisa ukuthi indlela yokwenza yabo ibonisa ukuthi ubukhulu bezinkambo zokuphatha kuyisisekelo—ukuphatha ngokush......

Kubazihlombe zobuchwepheshe—kungakhathaliseki zibonakaliswe ngokuphambuka kwezinhlobo zezihlombe zokuziphatha, izihlombe zezindlu zokusebenza ngokukhulu, noma izihlombe zokuthuthukisa ezinguqukile—ukuhlanzwa kuka-JWL kuyisibonelo sesiqiniseko sokukhula kwesifundo sokuthi umshayeli wezihlombe uyadlala indawo yokuphatha ukuthi uqinisekise amathuba okuphatha kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula ubukhulu. Isithombe sokuhlanzwa esikhonjwayo kuzihlombe kubonisa ukuthi leli isithombe sithi sibonakaliswe ngokuphambuka kwezinhlobo zokuhlanzwa eziyisibonelo, kusiza abasengi ukubhekana nezihlombe zezindlu zokuhlanzwa kunezinye ngokufanayo. Lokhu kuyisibonelo sokuthi kuyasebenza kakhulu uma kubizwa izihlombe zokusebenza apho ukuncamisa umbane nokuthuthukisa kufanele kubalwa ngokucacile, njengoba ukuhlanzwa kwezihlombe zokufaka kubonisa ukuthi kuyasebenza ngokuphambuka kwezinhlobo zokuthi kuyasebenza ngokuphambuka kwezinhlobo zokuthi kuyasebenza ngokuphambuka kwezinhlobo zokuthi kuyasebenza ngokuphambuka kwezinhlobo zokuthi kuyasebenza ngokuphambuka kwezinhlobo zokuthi kuyasebenza ngokuphambuka kwezinhlobo zokuthi kuyasebenza ngokuphambuka kwezinhlobo zokuthi kuyasebenza ngokuphambuka kwezinhlobo zokuthi kuyasebenza ngokuphambuka kwezinhlobo zokuthi kuyasebenza ngokuphambuka kwezinhlobo zokuthi kuyasebenza ngokuphambuka kwezinhlobo zokuthi kuyasebenza ngokuphambuka kwezinhlobo zokuthi kuyasebenza ngokuphambuka kwezinhlobo zokuthi kuyasebenza ngokuphambuka kwezinhlobo zokuthi kuyasebenza ngokuphambuka kwezinhlobo zokuthi kuyasebenza ngokuphambuka kwezinhlobo zokuthi kuyasebenza ngokuphambuka kwezinhlobo zokuthi kuyasebenza ngokuphambuka kwezinhlobo zokuthi kuyasebenza ngokuphambuka kwezinhlobo zokuthi kuyasebenza ngokuphambuka kwezinhlobo zokuthi kuyasebenza ngokuphambuka kwezinhlobo zokuthi kuyasebenza ngokuphambuka kwezinhlobo zokuthi kuyasebenza ngokuphambuka kwezinhlobo zokuthi kuyasebenza ngokuphambuka kwezinhlobo zokuthi kuyase......

Ukuthi kuhlanzwe kuka-VIA nokuthi kuyasebenza ngokuphambuka kwezinhlobo zokuhlanzwa

Ukuthi kuhlanzwe kwezinhlobo zokuziphatha ngokuphambuka kwezinhlobo zokuziphatha

Ukuthiwa kuka-VIA, okwenziwa yisikole sase-Japan sokuhlola izihluzi, kubhala phambili kwezifundo zokuhlola ezizenzakalelayo zokuthiwa kuka-JWL ngokufaka amafunda okuhlola okwesikhathi esiphambili esinokubonisa amandla okuhlela ngokuphambili okwenziwa ngamandla okuhlela ngokuphambili. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi izihluzi ziyaphatha amandla okuhlela ngokuphambili okwesikhathi esiphambili okungasemthethweni noma okwesikhathi esiphambili okungasemthethweni. Umqondo wokuhlola kuka-VIA uyabeka isihluzi emashini engeziwe yokuhlola okuyabeka amandla okuhlela ngokuphambili nokuhlela ngokuphambili ngokugcina isihluzi, okwenza umqondo wokuhlola ukuba ubonise ngokulinganayo amandla okuhlela okwesikhathi esiphambili, ukuguqula izihluzi, nokuguqula izihluzi ngokuphambili. Lokhu kuhlola okwesikhathi esiphambili kuchaza izikhathi eziningi, nokuthi izihluzi ezenziwe ngokuphambili ziyakwazi ukubonisa amandla okuhlela ngokuphambili, ukuguqula izihluzi, noma ukuguqula isihluzi.

Ukuqinisa okuphelele kwezifundo zika-VIA kwenza ukuthi lezi zifundo zokufaka izihlangu zizihlukile kakhulu kubasebenzisi abayithandabuzwa ngokwesibonelo, apho izihlangu ziyathola i-G-force ephakeme kusuka emva noma phakathi. Umsebenzi wokufunda uyahlola akunye nje ubunzima bezihlangu nezihlangu kodwa futhi ubunzima be-"hub mounting interface", uqinisa ukuthi ubunzima bezinkambo zokubhota nezinhlobo zokuhlanganisa ziyakwazi ukuthola ukuthi zilungile kakhulu kumathuba okubhota ngokuphelele nokuthola amandla okuthintana okuyisikhundla sokuhlanganisa. Kumaqembu, ukuthola ukufunda kuka-VIA kubonisa ukuthi bafuna ukuphikisa iminimum yezimali zokuphelele kanye nokubeka isibonelo esihlukile kumadwalwa apho abasebenzisi bazi ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zezifundo kanye nezinhlobo zokufunda. Izifundo eziningi zokufunda zihlanganisa ubunzima bezifundo zokufaka kuphela, njengoba izihlangu ezinamaphrofayili angafani ngezinto zokufaka noma iziphulo zokufaka kuzobulawa phakathi kweminye yezimboni zokuthintana ezinamaphrofayili okufaka okuphakeme kahle okukhulunywa ngu-VIA.

Ukuchazi i-VIA Standards ngokulingana nezindlela zokuhlanzwa ezinye

Nakuba i-JWL ne-VIA zihlanzwa ziyaphinda kusuka emandleni e-Japan, i-VIA ihlanzwa yisibonelo sokuphawula okuzimele okuzifundisa amaqembu ukubonisa ukuthi ubukhulu bakho bungcono. Umqondo wokuhlakana phakathi kwezihlanzwa zezinkamba zokufika zihlukaniswe ngokwemithombo yazo—amakhono amaningi ayafuna izihlanzwa zombili ukuze zihlangane nezidingo zomkhono wasekhaya nezinhlobo zezimfundo zokuhlanzwa ezihlukaniswe ngemizwi yezwe. Umqondo wokuhlanzwa kwe-VIA uyabeka isikhundla se-JWL ngokudibanisa izimo zokuhlanzwa ezinewona ukubonisa ubukhulu bezikhasi zezinkamba zokufika nezindlela zokubhala kwezikhasi zezinkamba. Izikhasi zezinkamba zama-21 zihlela izindawo zokubhala eziningi, zihlela ngokushesha kakhulu, futhi zisebenza ngokuphelele kakhulu kunazo zezinkamba zezindawo zokubhala zezinkamba zezindawo zokubhala zezinkamba zezindawo zokubhala zezinkamba zezindawo zokubhala zezinkamba zezindawo zokubhala zezinkamba zezindawo zokubhala zezinkamba zezindawo zokubhala zezinkamba zezindawo zokubhala zezinkamba zezindawo zokubhala zezinkamba zezindawo zokubhala zezinkamba zezindawo zokubhala zezinkamba zezindawo zokubhala zezinkamba zezindawo zokubhala zezinkamba zezindawo zokubhala zezinkamba zezindawo zokubhala zezinkamba zezindawo zokubhala zezinkamba zezindawo zokubhala zezinkamba zezindawo zokubhala zezinkamba zezindawo zokubhala zezinkamba zezindawo zokubhala zezinkamba zezindawo zokubhala zezinkamba zezindawo zokubhala zezinkamba zezindawo zokubhala zezinkamba zezindawo zokubhala zezinkamba zezindawo zokubhala zezinkamba zezindawo zokubhala zezinkamba zezindawo zokubhala zezinkamba zezindawo zokubhala zezinkamba zezindawo zokubhala zezinkamba zezindawo zokubhala zezinkamba zezindawo zokubhala zezinkamba zezindawo zokubhala zezinkamba zezindawo zokubhala zezinkamba zezindawo zokubhala zezinkamba zezindawo zokubhala zezinkamba zezindawo zokubhala zezinkamba zezindawo......

Ukugcina ukuthi kufanele kwenziwe ukubhalwa kwemibhalo yaseVIA ngokwesibonelo ngeJWL kuyisibonelo sokuziphatha ngaphezulu kokubhalwa kwemibhalo yasezwe. Abahambisi abazihlola izindawo zokusebenza kwezinhloso, izindawo zokuguqula emva kwezinhloso, nokuthengiselwa kwezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zezinhloso zez......

Ukuthiwa kuka-TÜV nokufunda kwezindlela zokusebenza zaseYurophu

Imibono yaseJalimani yokuziphatha kwezinkulungwane zokuphakamisa

Isibhakisi sika-TÜV, esitholakala ngamaphoyisa wezinkundla zokuhlola kwe-Germani, sibonisa indlela yase-Europe yokubhakisha izihlangu zesikhumba esinokuthi kuyisibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sokufunda isibhakisi sok......

Iqembu lokuzilonga lwe-TÜV lokuhlolwa kwezinkolo zokufaka emhlabeni libuyela ku-misiphono we-ECE okubhekisele kwezinqumo zezinto ezihlolwa kwezindawo zaseYurophu, kufaka ukuzilonga kokugcina, ukuzilonga kokuphazimula, nokuzilonga kokulingana kwesilinganiso ngokwemisiphono yaseYurophu. Lokhu kuhlolwa kwezinkolo zokufaka emhlabeni kufuna ukuthi abaholi bakhombise ukuthi ubukhulu buhle bungabonakala phakathi kwezindlela zokuproducwa, ngezinhlobo zokuzilonga kwezindlela zokuproducwa okubonisa ukuthi izinkolo zihlola ngokuphelele imisiphono yabo kodwa akalohlwa kuphela izithombe ezingafani nazo ezihlolwa. Indlela ye-TÜV ibonisa ukuthi izinkolo zokufaka emhlabeni ziyizinto ezingaphandle kwezinye zokuphatha okunamandla, apho ubukhulu bokuproducwa bubonakala ngqo ekubonakaleni kwesikhathi eside sokubaluleka. Umqondo wokuhlolwa uhlolisa ukuthi abaholi bavamile izinhlobo zokuphatha ubukhulu okunamandla okuvumela ukuthi bafunde nokulungisa izinkinga phambi kokuthi izinto ezingafani zifike kubantu abayisebenzisa, okwenza umqondo wokuhlolwa owenziwa ukubhekisele kubotha ukusebenza kwezinto nezinhlobo zokuphatha kwezindawo.

Izinqambu Zokusebenza Kwemithombo Nokufunda Ukuthi Kuphi Kwenziwe

Isici sokuhlanzwa kwezicelo zezinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zikaTÜV sikhona ukuthi kubhekiswe kuzo izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka izinkampani zokufaka......

Umsebenzi wokubhalisa i-TÜV uyafaka ukuchaza kwezinto ezihlukene ngokusebenzisa ispekthrometri ukuze kubonakaliswe ukuthi izikhumba zokufaka ziyasebenzisa amaloyi we-aluminum okuphakanyiswa ngokufanele, njengoba futhi kufuneka kubonakaliswe umkhakha wokugqamisa ngokujabulisa ukuthi ukufaka nokuhlanza kwenziwa ngokufanele. Lezi ziquketho zezinto ziyabhekisa ukuthi izikhumba zokufaka ziyabhaliswe ngokwesibonelo sokusebenza esihlukene, kodwa akazange kube yizinyathelo zokuziphatha okungahlinzeka ngokuphakanyiswa kwezinyathelo noma ngokuguqula kwezinyathelo zokuziphatha ngokuxhasa. Kusuka kubaphathi, ukudla kwezinhlobo zezinto zokubhalisa i-TÜV kufuna ukuthenga kwezinkampani zokuthenga, ukubona izinto ezenziwa ngaphandle, nokubhala izincwadi zokubhalisa izinto zokuziphatha okuyithembiso lokubonakala. Kusuka kubabuyi, ukubhalisa i-TÜV kubiza ukuthi izikhumba ziyasebenzisa izinto ezifanele nokuziphatha ngokufanele, futhi kunciphisa izinkinga zokuthi kubhaleke izikhumba ezingavumelekile noma kuzenzekile ngokungafanele ukuthi izikhumba zibe nendlela yokubona kodwa azikho izinto zokuziphatha ezifanele ukuze zinikeze ubuciko obuphelele nokusebenza ngokuphelele.

Izimplication zokusebenza zokuthola izicertifikethi eziningi

Kungani abahambisi bafuna izicertifikethi eziningi

Ukuziqonda kungani abahambisi obabhekene nesifundo sobukhulu bathola izicertifikethi eziningi zezinyawo eziyisikwe zikubonisa izindlela ezinkulu zokufunda ngokwemikhono yezindawo zokuthengiswa emhlabeni wonke nokuphatha ukubaluleka kwesifundo. Umhambisi wezinyawo othanda ukuthengisa emazwe amaningi akhuluma nezindawo ezihlukahlukene zokuhlawula, apho amazwe amaningi ayavumela amathuluzi amaningi okusikwa njengamathuluzi amangalisayo okusikwa kwebukhulu. Ukufuna ukufika emazweni eJapan kudinga ukusikwa kuka-JWL noma kuka-VIA, ukuthengisa emazweni eEurope kudinga ukusikwa kuka-TÜV noma ukusikwa lwesifanayo seEurope, futhi amazwe amaningi ayavumela izigaba zezicertifikethi zezinyawo zezindawo zezinyawo zezindawo. Ngakoloko ukubona izicertifikethi njengokufanana, abahambisi abaqinile bakhumbula ngokushesha ukusikwa ngokushesha kwezindlela zokuzivikela kanye nezindlela zokuthengiswa zezindawo zezindawo, okuyisibonelo sokubonisa ukusikwa kwebukhulu ngokuphelele kwezindlela zokuvikela eziningi.

Ukuphetha ukuthi kufundiswe imithambo eminingi yokufaka izikhumba eziyisifunda kuyasebenza njengokuthi kubhekwa ngokwesifundo esihle kwezikhumba. Abafundi ababaleka kwezikhumba zezindaba ezinkulu apho abathengi bakhumbula iziphakamiso zezinto zokusebenza bazi ukuthi ukubeka imithambo eminingi yezikhumba kuyabonisa ukuthi kubhekwa ngokwesifundo esihle okungahleli kumthwalo wokuphela. Ukuhlawula okudingekayo ukususa imithambo eminingi—kukhona izindlela zokuhlanganisa izimboni, izindlela zokuzibonisa futhi izindlela zokubhala amadokhumenti—kuyadala isilisa sokubaluleka sokubhekwa ngokwesifundo esihle okuyasiza ukuthi abafundi ababaleka kwezikhumba bahlukanise kubabaleka abazimele kubaluleka kwezikhumba zokubhala nje. Kumaqondiso, izikhumba ezinomithambo eminingi yokufaka izikhumba eziyisifunda kwezizwe ezinkulu ziyabonisa ukuthi iziphakamiso zokuhle kuzikhipha ngokwesifundo esihle esingaphansi kwezinye noma kwezibizo zokubhala nje.

Ukuthi Yini Ukubonisa Ukuthi Imithambo Yokufunda Iyisifunda?

Ukuphakanyiswa kwezinkamba ezingavumelekileyo emaphetheni okusebenza ngokwesekondari kwenza ukuthi ukubonisa ukuthi izinkamba ezisemthwakathini zezinkamba ezingavumelekileyo ziyimfundo eyodwa yobuninzi bokuthenga ukuthi bafunde ubukhulu obuyodwa. Izinhlobo zezinhlobo zokubonisa zokuthi zingavumelekileyo ziyincwadi yezinhlobo zokubonisa, izinombolo zokuhlanganiswa, nezinhlobo zokudesigna okuzingavumelekileyo zizokubonisa ngokungafanele noma zizokuphikisa kabusha. Izinhlobo zikaJWL kufanele zihlale zinezinhlobo zokubonisa zokuthi zingavumelekileyo noma zihlale zinezinombolo zokuload ozithengayo inkamba, futhi izinhlobo zikaVIA zihlale zinezinombolo zokuhlanganiswa ozinokufunda kumabhasi wezinhlobo zokubonisa. Izinhlobo zikaTÜV zihlale zinezinhlobo zikaTÜV ozithengayo inkamba noma zihlale zinezinombolo zokubonisa ozinokufunda kumabhasi amaholi. Abathengi banokubonisa ukuthi izinhlobo zokubonisa zingavumelekileyo ngokuxhumana ngqo nezinhlobo zokubonisa ngokusebenzisa izinhlobo zinkamba nezinombolo zokubonisa, ukubonisa ukuthi umshinisi unenombolo yezinhlobo zokubonisa ephendule inkamba eyothengayo.

Ngaphezu kwezinyathelo zokubona ngokwesibonelo sezimkhiyweni zezimkhiyweni, ukuvumela izimkhiyweni zezinkamba zokufaka ezinamandla kuzoba nezinyathelo zokubona izidocimende ezinamandla okufaka ezinamandla okuphathwa ngabasebenzi abanamandla ngazo. Izidocimende zezimkhiyweni kufanele zihlale nezirhwebhu zokuphakanyiswa, izithombe zezisifundo zokuphakanyiswa zokubeka izinkinga zokuloada nokuhlanganisa izindlela zokuthatha izizathu, futhi izikhowudi zosuku lokufaka okunikeza ukubona ngokwesibonelo ukuthi yiziphi izigaba zokufaka. Abasebenzi abanamandla bakhangelwa ngamaphoyinti wokusebenza abazimele kuyo abuyiweyo abanokubona ukuthi izinto ziyindawo ngokwesibonelo ngezikhodi zezilayini noma izikhowudi zokufaka ezibhalwe ngaphansi kwemikhiyweni. Ukuthi kunezidocimende zezinto zokufunda ezide, izinformesheni zokufaka ezibonakalayo, futhi izisifundo sokuvumela ezinamandla kusobala abasebenzi abanamandla nezimkhiyweni zezinkamba zokufaka ezinamandla kusukela kubasebenzi abafaka izimkhiyweni ezingenamandla kwezinto ezingenamandla. Kuma-buyers abaqhubeka ngokwenza izinqumo ezinkulu ngokuguqula imikhiyweni noma ukufaka imikhiyweni emkhaya wokusebenza, ukugcina isikhathi sokuvumela ukuthi izimkhiyweni ziyindawo kuyasinda isibindi sokuhlakanipha futhi izivikelo zokufa kwezinto ezingenamandla okufaka okungahlanganisi ukuthi kunezimkhiyweni ezinamandla okufaka.

Ukukhetha Amawheel Ngokwesifundo Sesifundo

Ukufanana Kwesifundo Nokufaneleka Kwesicelo

Ukukhetha kahle kwezinyathelo zokuhamba kufuneka kubhekiswe kwezincertifikathi zezinyathelo ezizakhiwe ngokuzakhiwa ngokuphelele kumazindlela okusebenza okuhambisana nokuthi zonke izincertifikathi ziyafanana noma ukuthi izincertifikathi ezingaphezu kwezinye zibonisa ubukhulu obungcono kuzonke izindlela zokusebenza. Kuma-vehikile ozihamba emaphathini, ozihamba ngemiphumela yezinto eziphathwayo ngokuzenzakalelayo, izinyathelo ezinencertifikathi ye-JWL zinakubona ubukhulu obukhethekile ukusetyenziswa kahle nokuphila kude. Kuma-vehikile okusebenzisa kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwezindaba zokuphatha kwez......

Ukuhlanganisa kwezincwadi zokuthi izihlangu zesikhumba siza kusobala kunezinkampani zokuphatha ngokuzimisela ukuthi ziyasebenza ngokuphelele. Izihlangu eziqinisekisiwe ukuthi ziyakwazi ukubeka umkhawulo wokuphatha okuphelele kuzikhuba ezithi ziyabhekana nezinhlobo zezindawo zokuphatha, zibeka izinto eziningi, noma ziyathula amakhombe kusukela. Ukuphatha kwezihlangu ngamathuba okuphatha okuhambisana nokuthi kuyasemthwakweni kuyakwazi ukuthi izihlangu ziyakwazi ukubeka iziqiniseko zokuphatha ngokuphelele ngaphandle kokuthi zilahleke isithembiso sakho, kodwa ukukhetha izihlangu eziqinisekisiwe ukuthi ziyakwazi ukubeka iziqiniseko zokuphatha okuphelele kunezinqumo zokuphatha zokusebenza kuzikhuba zokusebenza kuyakwazi ukuthi kubekwe iziqiniseko zokuphatha ezinkulu okunconywa ukuthi kubekwe ubukhulu bokuphatha. Ukuzwela izimboni zokuphatha ezihlukaniswe kwezincwadi zokuthi izihlangu zesikhumba ziyasebenza kuyakwazi ukuthi kubhekwe ngokuphelele ukuthi yini lezincwadi ezizimele zokuphatha ezizimele zokuphatha kanye nezinkampani zokuphatha, izinkampani zokuphatha, noma izindawo zokuphatha. Isikhumba sesithembiso sokuphatha esikhumbeni kuyakwazi ukuthi kubhekwe ngokuphelele ukuthi kuyasebenza kunezincwadi zokuphatha ezithi ziyasebenza kunezinkampani zokuphatha kanye nezinkampani zokuphatha, kodwa izinkampani zokuphatha ziyasebenza kunezincwadi zokuphatha kanye nezinkampani zokuphatha.

Ukuzimisela Kwemali Nokulinganisa Okunempilo

Izimplications zemali zokuthi izikhumba zezinye zisakhelwe kubonakala kubani kwezimali zokuthenga kwanoma kuzo izimali zokusebenza ngokuphakeme okubuyela kubuyela abathengi bafunde izikhumba. Izikhumba ezinamagama amaningi okuthi azizenzekile kusobala kubonakala kubani kwezimali zokuthenga kunezikhumba ezingazinzekile noma ezinzekile ngokwabo, kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala ukuthi......

Ukuqondisa ubungakanani bezinga lezinto ezifakwe kuzo izikhumba esizokuthi zisemthethweni kusobala ukubala ubungakanani bezinga lezinto ezifakwe kuzo (TCO) kungekho ukubhekana kuphela kumthwalo wokuthenga. Izikhumba esizokuthi zisemthethweni ezinakho ema-akhompani ezenza izikhumba ezinakho imithwalo yezinkambo zokuphepha, ziyabonisa ukuthi zinakho ukuthinteka kwezilwane, ukuthinteka kwezinkambo zokufaka amathire ngokuphelele nokubalwa, nokuphila kahle kusukela ekuthengeni kuya ekuthinteni kabusha ngokuthinteka kwezinhlobo zokuphila kanye nokuthinteka kwezinhlobo zokubonakala. Ukubaluleka kokubalwa okuhlanganiswe ngezikhumba esizokuthi zisemthethweni kusobala ukuthinteka kwezikhumba ngokuphelele kanye nokubalwa kwazo, okungaba kunciphisa ukuthinteka kwezitire futhi kusobala ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwemoto ngokuphelele kusukela ekuthengeni kuya ekuthinteni kabusha. Kumaqondo okuthuthukisa ukusebenza, ubungakanani bekuthinteka kwezikhumba esizokuthi zisemthethweni kusobala ukuthola ukuthinteka kwezinhlobo zokuthuthukisa ukusebenza okungasekho kubuhle kwezikhumba ezinakho ukuthinteka okungafanele kanye nezikhumba esizokuthi zisemthethweni ezinakho ukuthinteka okungafanele. Uma kubhalwa kusukela eminyakeni yokuqhubeka kanye nezitire eziningi ezizokuthi zizibhalwa kabusha, umthwalo ophakeme wezikhumba esizokuthi zisemthethweni uyabonakala njengomthwalo omncane kunezinhlobo zokubaluleka zokuphila, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza, nokuthabatha isibindi sokuthi sibone ukuthi singaqinisekile.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Ukh difference phakathi kwe-JWL ne-VIA certification yezinyawo zokufaka?

I-JWL certification iyachaza isifundazwe sendawo yesiJaphanise esisiseko sokuhle kokufaka izinyawo zokufaka ngokuphatha kwe-rotary bending fatigue ne-radial fatigue, futhi i-VIA certification iyongeza ukuphatha kwesikhathi sokugcina kwezinyawo okukhombisa amandla amaningi ekusukweni kwemidlalo yezinyawo ngokuphathelene nokudlala okuphezulu. I-VIA certification iyabuyisa i-JWL standards ngokufaka iziphetho zezinyawo eziningi, okuyenza yena inkimbinkimbi eyinkulu yokubonisa ubunzima bezinyawo zokufaka. Abasithengisi bafuna izincertifikheti zombili, ngenxa yoko i-JWL ibuyela isifundazwe sesiseko sokuhle futhi i-VIA ibonisa ubukhulu bekho bokusebenza okubhekene nemiphumela eminingi.

Izinyawo zokufaka zingasebenza ngempilo ngaphandle kwezincertifikheti zezindawo?

Nakuba amawhili okuforjwa angaphansi kwezinhloso zokuphatha ngokwesibonelo esingaphansi kwemithambo yezinhloso ezingavunyelwanga ayizokwenzeka ngokuthula uma abhekiswe kuze kubhekiswe kumakamela emthambo wokuphatha ngokwesibonelo, ukungabonakali kwezinhloso zokuforjwa zokuvunyelwa kuzokuthintela ukuthi kungabonakali kwezinhloso zokuvunyelwa ngokwesibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokuthula kwezinhloso zokuphatha ngokwesibonelo. Ukuvunyelwa kusiza ekuboniseni ukuthi amawhili akhutshwa ngokusebenzisa iziphumo zokuzimela ezihle kanye nokuzimela kwezinhloso zokuphatha ngokwesibonelo, kungakhathaliseki kuphela ukuthi umkhakha wokuphatha ngokwesibonelo uyakuthi. Ngamawhili okuphatha ngokwesibonelo okuyinto ebalulekile kakhulu, ukuvunyelwa kuyasiza ekuboniseni ukuthi kuyasebenza ngokuthula kanye nokubonakala kwezinhloso zokuphatha ngokwesibonelo, okungakwazi ukwenza umkhakha wokuphatha ngokwesibonelo ngokuthula.

Izinhloso zokuvunyelwa kwe-TÜV ziyahlinzekile njani kwezinhloso zokuvunyelwa kwe-Asian?

Ukuthiwa kuka-TÜV kufaka emzini amandla we-Europe nezindlela zokuphatha, futhi kubhekisa ukuzilonda kwesikhumba sokusebenza, ukulandela izinto ezisetyenzisiwe, nokubhekisa indlela yokwenza izimpahla ngaphandle kokuzimela izimpahla, njengoba ukuthiwa kuka-JWL no-VIA kubhekisa kakhulu emizini yokuzimela izimpahla. Ukubheka kuka-TÜV kubhekisa isikhumba sokwenza izimpahla ngokugcwele, okufaka emzini izindlela zokuphatha ubukhulu, ukuvikela abasendleleni, nezindlela zokubhala izibhalo zezigaba, okwenza ukuthiwa kubhekise ubukhulu bezimpahla nokwakha kwezindawo zokusebenza. Lokhu kuhlanganisa nokuthiwa kwe-Europe kohlelo lokuphatha ubukhulu okubhekisa ukuphatha indlela nokuthuthukisa ngokuphambili, akabhekisi kuphela ukuzimela izimpahla eziphakathi.

Ngifanele ngakhetha amaphelo ongenakho amacertifikheti amaningi noma isicertifikheti esinye sitholakala?

Ileveli lokuhlenga elihlanganisiweyo liyaphenduka ngokwesicelo sakho sesikhathi esithile, umlingo wokubhalwa kwezomthwalo, nokuthabatha ukuthi ubhekene nangaphansi kokuphela kwakho. Kusenzo lesikhathi sokusebenza emaphathini ngamakhono angafunywa, amakhono okusebenza kwezinkampani ezinomthwalo ophawulekayo njenge-JWL ayinika ukuthi kuyasebenza kahle. Kusenzo lesikhathi sokusebenza kwezinkampani, amakhono angafunywa, noma kusenzo lesikhathi sokusebenza kwezinkampani, kufanele kubhekwe izinhlobo zezinhlobo zezinkampani eziyisifunda kwezinkampani ezinomthwalo wokuziphatha kwezinkampani ezinomthwalo wokuziphatha kwezinkampani ezinomthwalo wokuziphatha kwezinkampani ezinomthwalo wokuziphatha kwezinkampani ezinomthwalo wokuziphatha kwezinkampani ezinomthwalo wokuziphatha kwezinkampani ezinomthwalo wokuziphatha kwezinkampani ezinomthwalo wokuziphatha kwezinkampani ezinomthwalo wokuziphatha kwezinkampani ezinomthwalo wokuziphatha kwezinkampani ezinomthwalo wokuziphatha kwezinkampani ezinomthwalo wokuziphatha kwezinkampani ezinomthwalo wokuziphatha kwezinkampani ezinomthwalo wokuziphatha kwezinkampani ezinomthwalo wokuziphatha kwezinkampani ezinomthwalo wokuziphatha kwezinkampani ezinomthwalo wokuziphatha kwezinkampani ezinomthwalo wokuziphatha kwezinkampani ezinomthwalo wokuziphatha kwezinkampani ezinomthwalo wokuziphatha kwezinkampani ezinomthwalo wokuziphatha kwezinkampani ezinomthwalo wokuziphatha kwezinkampani ezinomthwalo wokuziphatha kwezinkampani ezinomthwalo wokuziphatha kwezinkampani ezinomthwalo wokuziphatha kwezinkampani ezinomthwalo wokuziphatha kwezinkampani ezinomthwalo wokuziphatha kwezinkampani ezinomthwalo wokuziphatha kwezinkam......